Across all sectors, enabling measures include inclusive stakeholder engagement, reskilling and upskilling, mobilizing climate and blended finance, strengthened social protection, and robust monitoring and reporting. These cross‑cutting actions ensure that climate ambition is matched with fairness, equity, and protection for vulnerable workers and communities, promoting green jobs creation.
In the energy sector, the transition centres on shifting from fossil fuels to renewables such as solar, wind, ammonia, and battery storage. Key just transition measures include skills mapping for coal and gas workers, reskilling, income protection during redeployment, and community benefits like local ownership models and SME support.
The industry sector focuses on decarbonizing hard‑to‑abate industries through energy efficiency, electrification, cleaner fuels, waste heat recovery, and modernized production processes. Worker support includes concessional finance for cleaner technologies, green skills certification, and formalization pathways for informal workers.
In the transport sector, the transition emphasizes public transport expansion, EV adoption, and freight efficiency. Just transition measures target drivers and small operators through micro‑credit, scrappage incentives, and EV maintenance training.
The agriculture, forestry, and land use sector advances climate‑smart agriculture, organic farming, methane reduction, agroforestry, aquaculture, and coastal ecosystem restoration. Livelihood support focuses on extension services, risk insurance, and value‑chain access for smallholders, women‑led enterprises, and youth.
The waste and circular economy sector prioritizes segregation, composting, biogas, landfill gas capture, e‑waste management and extended producer responsibility, and job creation in repair, reuse, and recycling hubs. A core just transition priority is formalizing waste pickers with PPE, contracts, and health coverage.
